Sauté the Aromatics: Heat olive oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add diced onion, garlic, and jalapeño. Cook for 3-4 minutes until fragrant and translucent.
Add Veggies and Spices: Stir in red bell pepper, cumin, smoked paprika, and chili flakes. Cook for 2 minutes to let the spices bloom.
Simmer the Base: Add the black beans, diced tomatoes (with juice), tomato paste, and vegetable broth. Stir everything together and bring it to a boil.
Lower and Simmer: Once boiling, reduce the heat and let the soup simmer for about 20 minutes, allowing flavors to develop.
Blend for Texture: Using an immersion blender, blend part of the soup directly in the pot until it reaches your desired consistency—smooth or chunky. If using a regular blender, blend 2 cups of the soup and return it to the pot.
Finish with Lime: Stir in lime juice, and season with salt and black pepper to taste.
Serve and Garnish: Ladle into bowls and top with avocado, fresh cilantro, lime wedges, or a dollop of dairy-free sour cream. Enjoy warm!